Miranda+v.+Arizona

=Miranda v. Arizona= By Susan Bender

=Background= Ernesto Miranda was a eight grade drop out. He had a criminal record prior to his arrest on March 13, 1963. =**Facts of the Case**=

On March 13, 1963, a 23 year old man, Ernesto Miranda, was arrested for the kidnapping and raping of an 18 year old woman. He was taken down to the police station where he was identified by the victim. He was then taken into an interrogation room and question for two hours. At the end of the two hours, the police emerged with a written confession signed by Ernesto himself. However, during those two hours of interrogation, Miranda was never told of his rights to seek counseling or those enabling him to remain silent prior to, or during the interrogation. After this case, it became manidory for all officers to advise the arrested of their Constitutional Rights, commonly known as the Miranda Rights.

=**People Involved**= =**Lower Court Decisions**= Miranda's confession was used against him in court. The lower court found Miranda guilty of kidnapping and rape. He was sentenced to 20 to 30 years on each of the two accounts. =**Other Court Decisions**= Miranda's lawyer appealed to the Supreme Court of the United States. They reviewed the case and found that Miranda's right of the Fifth Amendment had been violated. =**Results of the Decision**= Even though the Supreme Court found that Miranda's rights had been violated, that did not mean that he got to go free. That only meant that his confession couldn't be used against him. Miranda was tried again without the confession and was convicted again. He served 11 years before he was paroled in 1972. =**Other Interesting Facts**= Because of the predicament in this case caused by the officers not advising Ernesto Miranda of his rights, the Supreme Court ruled that all officers must now inform the arrested person of their rights to remain silent and to seek counseling(a lawyer). These rights that are now recited by all police officers in the U.S. are now commonly known as the Miranda Rights.
 * **Ernesto Miranda**